A compact disk spectrometer.
A compact disk spectrometer.
Introduction
Use a compact disk to make a spectrometer.
Material
Assembly
Cut a clean slit less than 1 mm wide in the flat cardboard.
Tape the flat cardboard onto one end of the tube.
Place the slit horizontal, on the top of the tube
at the far end cut a viewing slot.
The slot should be a centimeter wide and 2 cm long.
Cut a slot into the tube at a 45 degree angle from the vertical and then insert the CD into this slot so that it reflects light coming through the slit into your eye.
To Do and Notice
Point the slit at a fluorescent light.
Look through the view slot.
Look for the spectrum of light reflected from the compact disk.
Adjust the angle at which you look through the hole at the compact disk to give the best view of the spectrum.
Notice that the fluorescent light produces a
continuous spectrum plus bright lines.
The bright lines are the spectrum of Mercury gas inside the tube, the
continuous spectrum comes from the solid phosphor coating on the
tube.
What's Going On?
The music on compact disks is digitally
recorded.
Circular tracks of ones and zeros are recorded on the mirror surface
of the disk. These circular tracks are so close together, that they
act as a diffraction grating for light.
The light is spread into a spectrum perpendicular
to the tracks.
This is why the slit and the viewing hole are located at right
angles.
Each color bends at a particular angle.
This is why you have to adjust the angle of tilt of the disk to
bounce the spectrum into your eye.
To see the spectrum it must reflect and diffract off the disk into your eye.therefore you must look at the disk at the right angle to see the spectrum.
Going Further
Examine the spectra produced by other light sources such as incandescent bulbs, sodium vapor street lights, and neon tubes.
Do not look at the sun, but you may look at sunlight reflected off white clouds, white walls, or white paper.
Optional construction
You can also make a spectroscope from a cereal box.
Two views of a cereal box spectrometer. Click on the image to enlarge.
A slot is cut into the cereal box to allow the compact disk to be inserted at a 45 degree angle. A hole is cut for the eye to look at the compact disk, and also a slit When the eye peers through the hole at the compact disk it should see a reflected image of the slit.
Tilt the box up and down to see the spectrum.
Here is a person looking through the eye hole. they see the slit reflected in the CD. Light from the fluorescent ceiling fixture passes through the slit and is separated into its colors by diffraction off the CD.
|
Scientific Explorations with Paul Doherty |
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6 November 2000 |